Accidental Discoveries that Changed the World

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Penicillin 

Penicillin was discovered in 1928 by Scottish scientist Alexander Fleming. He accidentally left a petri dish of bacteria uncovered, and when he returned, he found that a mold had grown on the dish and killed the bacteria around it. 

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Vulcanized rubber 

Vulcanized rubber was discovered in 1839 by American inventor Charles Goodyear. He was trying to improve the durability of rubber, and he accidentally mixed rubber with sulfur and heated it. This process, called vulcanization, made rubber stronger and more elastic. 

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Microwave 

Microwave ovens were discovered in 1945 by American engineer Percy Spencer. He was working on a radar magnetron when he noticed that a chocolate bar in his pocket had melted. Spencer realized that the magnetron was producing electromagnetic waves that were heating the chocolate bar. 

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The Post-it Note 

The Post-it Note was discovered in 1968 by American chemist Spencer Silver. He was working on a new type of adhesive, but he accidentally created a weak adhesive that could be easily removed from surfaces. Silver initially thought that his invention was a failure, but he eventually realized that it could be used to create sticky notes 

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Safety glass 

Safety glass was discovered in 1903 by French chemist Édouard Bénédictus. He accidentally dropped a glass flask containing cellulose nitrate, and the flask shattered but did not break into sharp pieces. 

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Superglue  

Superglue was discovered in 1942 by American chemist Harry Coover. He was working on a new type of plastic lens, but he accidentally created a strong adhesive that could bond to a variety of materials. Coover initially thought that his invention was a failure, but he eventually realized that it could be used as a glue. 

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Coca-Cola 

Coca-Cola was discovered in 1886 by American pharmacist John Pemberton. He was trying to create a cure for morphine addiction, and he accidentally created a syrup that tasted good.  

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X-rays 

X-rays were discovered in 1895 by German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen. He was experimenting with cathode rays when he noticed that a fluorescent screen glowed when the rays were passed through it. Röntgen realized that the rays were passing through the screen and hitting the wall behind it. He named the rays X-rays 

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